{"id":"W2782012953","doi":"10.1152/advan.00122.2017","title":"Beyond “formative”: assessments to enrich student learning","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AJP Advances in Physiology Education","topic":"Innovations in Medical Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hamilton Health Sciences; The Wilson Centre; McMaster University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Summative assessment; Competence (human resources); Assessment for learning; Curriculum; Psychological intervention; Psychology; Mathematics education; Computer science; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003020807,0.000125381,0.0002014841,0.000321184,0.0001274077,0.00000905544,0.0001342122,0.00008147816,0.0002376368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004661884,0.000117545,0.00002171482,0.0008507264,0.0001387608,0.0003469555,0.00005027956,0.0003232838,0.0002882763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003158388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003168679,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009724497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008326767,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988036,0.00008351237,0.0003486312,0.0002958844,0.0002150966,0.0002533217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991353,0.0000533834,0.0001321787,0.0002539227,0.0003761619,0.00004906479],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001915604,0.002371784,0.1095791,0.0001560497,0.0000441834,6.776572e-7,0.01142112,0.0001646876,0.0225775,0.008716686,0.01147939,0.8332973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007435807,0.001238598,0.8151658,0.0002129775,0.00002893695,0.00001278904,0.01054549,0.0003397196,0.001878471,0.006840518,0.1627417,0.0002513813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734423,0.0002264512,0.001125525,0.001379633,0.00314802,0.000444671,4.128229e-7,0.00004253838,0.02019051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801793,0.0001117992,0.01261009,0.004880661,0.00094713,0.0002490146,0.0001137716,0.00001467252,0.0008935941],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8330459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4793345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00865216131285067,"score_gpt":0.4278786240120543,"score_spread":0.4192264626992036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}