{"id":"W2782554222","doi":"10.2118/189892-ms","title":"Visual Analysis on the Effects of Fracture-Surface Characteristics and Rock Type on Proppant Transport in Vertical Fractures","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Fracture (geology); Geology; Surface roughness; Surface finish; Hydraulic fracturing; Geotechnical engineering; Fractal dimension; Fractal; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003280465,0.000410523,0.0002355072,0.001557514,0.0002220081,0.0003553786,0.0002205529,0.0003387446,0.003239644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006870951,0.0001726252,0.0003044211,0.0004265613,0.0003485021,0.0003486963,0.0003288444,0.0006088591,0.0002620521],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001664132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001769436,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001171117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001562487,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998327,0.00001095265,0.00001137706,0.00003353615,0.00007072802,0.00004068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992471,0.0003038553,0.0001058699,0.0000504609,0.0002107552,0.00008197771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003719567,0.00006272874,0.007828876,0.0003543209,0.0000227928,0.0004052721,0.0004871286,0.0007050661,0.9670399,0.0001711792,0.0003741854,0.02217652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004823252,0.0007849068,0.3355778,0.0001107499,0.0001188573,0.001457277,0.002173192,0.02240929,0.6316047,0.0005513444,0.005034458,0.000129195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9826263,0.0006753101,0.01356674,0.00006073237,0.00004085973,0.00006435677,0.0006165085,0.0003750217,0.001974275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872356,0.0002357589,0.01031739,0.00004078646,0.0000119047,0.00005034742,0.0003504432,0.00007266807,0.001685175],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003239644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01083767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006517980081086431,"score_gpt":0.2288553364705277,"score_spread":0.2223373563894413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}