{"id":"W2785424195","doi":"10.1016/j.chest.2018.01.038","title":"Health Services Burden of Undiagnosed and Overdiagnosed COPD","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"CHEST Journal","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital; University of Ottawa; Ottawa Hospital; Toronto Western Hospital; University of Toronto; McGill University Health Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences; Health Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia; Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Cohort; Population; Spirometry; Ambulatory; Pediatrics; Disease; Emergency medicine; Internal medicine; Environmental health; Asthma","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003854592,0.0001475441,0.0003978934,0.0001716444,0.000187558,0.00003926381,0.0001465461,0.00007009674,0.0006702046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007628621,0.0001252817,0.0000883483,0.0002125195,0.0003754988,0.000145707,0.00009362145,0.0003403423,0.00004292884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002553559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000695785,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002502214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003185746,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998442,0.00008711725,0.000358309,0.0002191239,0.0004909246,0.0004025261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984596,0.0001299726,0.0002171057,0.0002529829,0.0003126921,0.0006276438],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001741472,0.001099896,0.7906429,0.01111828,0.0007449437,0.00126247,0.008305872,0.000008814261,0.008795664,0.0004569188,0.01314273,0.16268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003503808,0.0006430217,0.9745566,0.0008851443,0.00005762212,0.0006910932,0.001684489,0.0003470087,0.001182695,0.0004731791,0.01584826,0.0001270805],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884043,0.0051194,0.00002806921,0.003983745,0.0001935363,0.0002993773,0.00002269555,0.00001986031,0.00192901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962046,0.00112393,0.000585362,0.0003964917,0.001374247,0.000004309879,0.00001035308,0.00002730793,0.0002733878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1839137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.733827,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01792863295967133,"score_gpt":0.3232316825056427,"score_spread":0.3053030495459713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}