{"id":"W2785690785","doi":"10.21511/ppm.16(1).2018.03","title":"Barriers to effective value chain management in developing countries: new insights from the cotton industrial value chain","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Problems and Perspectives in Management","topic":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Value chain; Value (mathematics); Business value; Business; Developing country; Chain (unit); Global value chain; Industrial organization; Corporate governance; Marketing; Supply chain; Computer science; Economics; Economic growth; International trade","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001116587,0.0004321545,0.0004212069,0.0004928857,0.0005041465,0.0005661065,0.0005082896,0.0001429666,0.00005749403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002229839,0.0003569183,0.00008064539,0.001446297,0.0002686842,0.0006327904,0.0006580505,0.0002942375,0.00003254454],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008701218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005798129,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01668658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002661804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973336,0.000143461,0.0004739444,0.0008860223,0.000472977,0.0006900004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991399,0.0001280104,0.0001596013,0.0003726083,0.0001117484,0.00008815564],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003832366,0.0001421282,0.03587644,0.0003490981,0.0003813369,0.00005656095,0.08341446,0.001156325,0.000003103593,0.8641753,0.002160605,0.01190136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005329362,0.0001657884,0.3052367,0.001016609,0.0002105551,5.247828e-7,0.2920967,0.001370596,0.000009647558,0.2333898,0.1599976,0.001176195],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.918538,0.001057137,0.002341705,0.01979202,0.001156574,0.008142677,0.00001201444,0.0001685252,0.04879135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934247,0.0004237866,0.0004388666,0.003954478,0.001252168,0.0002192994,0.000009539215,0.00003930496,0.0002379038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6307856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02813450619571349,"score_gpt":0.2643894461941051,"score_spread":0.2362549399983916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}