{"id":"W2786092450","doi":"10.1002/2017gl076763","title":"Stratospheric Smoke With Unprecedentedly High Backscatter Observed by Lidars Above Southern France","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":180,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institut national des sciences de l'Univers; Langley Research Center; Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales","keywords":"Lidar; Aerosol; Environmental science; Volcano; Plume; Smoke; Stratosphere; Backscatter (email); Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Southern Hemisphere; Geology; Remote sensing; Meteorology; Geography; Seismology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002695241,0.0002770688,0.0002469047,0.000002371422,0.0003928065,0.0001423756,0.0007585303,0.00008948432,0.006145863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002884532,0.000211484,0.00007996034,0.0008018115,0.001999607,0.0002401606,0.0003342178,0.000601208,0.007170076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001516265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002416863,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007558574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001849962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961773,0.0001869633,0.0002126822,0.0007764609,0.001484269,0.001162328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987808,0.0001284311,0.000066287,0.0006293235,0.00004648759,0.0003486588],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003852532,0.0005754355,0.2014414,0.0000243069,0.0001128637,0.00007158115,0.001552119,0.0001604259,0.5350661,0.00008079018,0.249487,0.01104276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002578024,0.002328966,0.9088553,0.0001085007,0.00003699684,0.000007215511,0.001208476,0.0009858154,0.02432376,0.0006109928,0.05744348,0.001512447],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917954,0.00001695174,0.0007303505,0.004758529,0.00008103075,0.0003111494,0.00002480369,0.00006300623,0.002218801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890385,0.000004818763,0.001004992,0.003500128,0.0003266431,0.00006196577,0.00001229921,0.00005542155,0.005995288],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.707414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990502,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0196593291846555,"score_gpt":0.2610072908726081,"score_spread":0.2413479616879526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}