{"id":"W2787915827","doi":"10.1039/c7an01871a","title":"Clinical applications of infrared and Raman spectroscopy: state of play and future challenges","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Analyst","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":227,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; National Institute for Health and Care Research","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Infrared; Infrared spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; State (computer science); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Chemistry; Physics; Optics; Astronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005758217,0.0001719228,0.0007119866,0.00005490374,0.00003621312,0.000007374031,0.0003920801,0.000279176,0.00001491371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004625191,0.000100716,0.0001923274,0.0001500543,0.0009870359,0.000001163962,0.0003303895,0.0002446155,0.000001145084],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005926196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007962312,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003967907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004739644,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987075,0.0001296481,0.0005012684,0.0003387603,0.0001634822,0.0001593293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988882,0.00008829865,0.0002778453,0.0005807587,0.00007396746,0.00009092152],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003987997,0.0001049358,0.0000185748,0.004486149,0.0005969711,6.984999e-7,0.00002616039,2.030208e-9,0.002163703,0.0003841043,0.003578731,0.9886001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007435232,0.000265274,0.00001700888,0.0003218935,0.0002180519,0.000005802199,0.00001261664,6.104158e-7,0.003607599,0.000901479,0.9944764,0.0000988673],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003161104,0.9974378,0.0002543825,0.00008546682,0.00001644239,0.0003173727,0.00007036979,0.000005594303,0.001496452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000958714,0.9981403,0.0008172836,0.00001640146,0.0005012703,0.00005491768,0.00008853204,0.00001603561,0.0002693292],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9908977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4107078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03452162533813436,"score_gpt":0.4148288284110295,"score_spread":0.3803072030728952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}