{"id":"W2790353122","doi":"10.1007/s13384-018-0265-z","title":"Elementary students as active agents in their learning: an empirical study of the connections between assessment practices and student metacognition","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Australian Educational Researcher","topic":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","field":"Psychology","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Metacognition; Psychology; Mathematics education; Empirical research; Active learning (machine learning); Pedagogy; Computer science; Cognition; Epistemology; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00627649,0.0001310635,0.0001618482,0.0001637654,0.0004923875,0.00007148367,0.0005472299,0.00005955977,0.002191793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00088921,0.00008010496,0.00003129134,0.0005413572,0.0003407896,0.0001550173,0.0001870546,0.001176589,0.00003003105],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001524882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001827002,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002927961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003489013,"domain_scores_codex":[0.98928,0.009103795,0.0003011874,0.0003361826,0.0007069908,0.0002718083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974605,0.001496744,0.0003445996,0.0003422466,0.0002866386,0.00006919928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009083551,0.002580352,0.9331397,0.000003393112,0.0003741714,5.366804e-7,0.0594143,0.000003912221,0.0001475397,0.000242405,0.000815796,0.003187016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005963466,0.0009607643,0.8763129,0.00001515179,0.00004829248,0.000002520796,0.1194287,0.000002698317,0.00007167811,0.0008557549,0.001633536,0.00007163445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.988587,0.000005464215,0.000008601356,0.007638637,0.000195763,0.0007604042,0.000007777545,0.000009580155,0.002786787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921933,0.000001533741,0.0001017503,0.0001288285,0.0003052324,0.0001523424,0.0000220678,0.00001586878,0.007079021],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0600144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987203,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.445520053439461,"score_gpt":0.6601383644917163,"score_spread":0.2146183110522553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}