{"id":"W2790829410","doi":"10.22329/il.v38i1.5068","title":"Fake News: A Definition","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":456,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Disinformation; Fake news; Phrase; Presentation (obstetrics); News media; Internet privacy; Advertising; Political science; Computer science; Social media; Law; Business","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007196223,0.001353255,0.001104064,0.008816575,0.00496153,0.01249666,0.00196489,0.007464376,0.003868843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02139278,0.0005231689,0.0006991296,0.006193721,0.03910267,0.01627257,0.005526659,0.006204652,0.001143271],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004185737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002239952,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009398101,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000318156,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9874457,0.006435933,0.001026988,0.001110465,0.003296193,0.0006846861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9683903,0.02051399,0.004318573,0.003301613,0.002809476,0.0006659953],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001508257,0.00001616584,0.0004275152,0.0001502384,0.00000583517,0.0001336984,0.005509933,0.0001436546,0.000110136,0.9814667,0.003033133,0.008987876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002084515,0.00007775123,0.001138308,0.001003713,0.00002276412,0.001614142,0.005329481,0.001200661,0.0003654629,0.6903847,0.2987857,0.00005632278],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05215516,0.1101646,0.2123125,0.1107247,0.004873889,0.0004301846,0.0007040829,0.0002522855,0.5083825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9048693,0.02919199,0.03428016,0.008487398,0.005345007,0.0009420477,0.00050472,0.0001533969,0.01622596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01249666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03805768,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09240612773996595,"score_gpt":0.3392981935268757,"score_spread":0.2468920657869098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}