{"id":"W2791404336","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2018.02.011","title":"Examining the role of natural gas and advanced vehicle technologies in mitigating CO2 emissions of heavy-duty trucks: Modeling prototypical British Columbia routes with road grades","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment","topic":"Vehicle emissions and performance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria","funders":"California Air Resources Board","keywords":"Truck; Drivetrain; Diesel fuel; Automotive engineering; Compressed natural gas; Heavy duty; Tractor; Engineering; Environmental science; Torque","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002809229,0.00009569705,0.0001907191,0.00004633402,0.0001772608,0.00001725253,0.00009255121,0.00007155989,0.00002786364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004446419,0.00009076292,0.00001887772,0.0001719254,0.0004646259,0.000145261,0.000004801267,0.0003045097,1.931495e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001410769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001529774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009517577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005126915,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988881,0.00001986634,0.0003379206,0.000203081,0.0002887604,0.0002622981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997119,0.00004051048,0.00003128636,0.0001328969,0.00002674102,0.00005668823],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001276601,0.00006575369,0.876542,0.0002459949,0.00002968679,0.000008048212,0.002966733,0.01806256,0.02339972,0.00001932672,0.000003433642,0.07852903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009041547,0.0003440227,0.846133,0.0007753317,0.00001776794,0.000003566665,0.00693791,0.1261036,0.01786811,0.0003306559,0.0003823482,0.0001994912],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980344,0.001201701,0.0001240561,0.00004572964,0.000007986245,0.0004703803,0.00002690493,0.00004095538,0.00004785436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972839,0.001564267,0.0009646395,0.00000131256,0.000008880099,0.0001238482,0.00001999676,0.00001609889,0.00001707599],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1080411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3701205,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01831624867199205,"score_gpt":0.2407913162354771,"score_spread":0.2224750675634851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}