{"id":"W2792017492","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00209","title":"Skipping Oxidative Thermal Stabilization for Lignin-Based Carbon Nanofibers","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Carbonization; Nanofiber; Materials science; Carbon nanofiber; Lignin; Cellulose; Chemical engineering; Fiber; Composite material; Carbon fibers; Carbon nanotube; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Composite number","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001663314,0.000348262,0.0002408389,0.00005105902,0.000108968,0.00006965423,0.0002509165,0.0001812189,0.00001845775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009169583,0.000409203,0.00008264145,0.000319714,0.00005497431,0.0001389033,0.00004553316,0.0001669054,0.000002280906],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004396496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008811453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006689258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.380854e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984444,0.000004768549,0.0002835152,0.0003265672,0.0001694923,0.0007712871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991006,0.00009158494,0.0000452663,0.0003611778,0.000258722,0.000142684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006694769,0.00001466778,0.0000327972,0.001413625,0.00005696277,0.0000097175,0.000295484,0.04332069,0.9541997,0.0000476097,0.0005439456,0.00005808263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052912,0.00002627931,0.000006162554,0.00007124714,0.00002896119,0.000002496326,0.0006335628,0.07207884,0.9203644,0.00001842754,0.005806419,0.0004340163],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776703,0.0002773216,0.008349149,0.00005058322,0.0002072883,0.0003819883,0.00001222845,0.001107065,0.01194405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960482,0.000004964698,0.002138566,0.0000194213,0.0005554431,0.0001522061,0.00006617472,0.000125117,0.0008898787],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03383526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999836,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003622188158842818,"score_gpt":0.1825925718352345,"score_spread":0.1789703836763916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}