{"id":"W2792279866","doi":"10.6000/1929-4409.2018.07.05","title":"Geography and Sentencing: Does Country of Citizenship Influence Sentence Longevity?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Criminology and Sociology","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citizenship; Immigration; Sentence; Race (biology); Homogeneous; Ethnic group; Criminal justice; Economic Justice; Political science; Criminology; Law; Sociology; Gender studies; Linguistics; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005323956,0.00007198526,0.0002157569,0.0002500899,0.0001969555,0.00001824678,0.0002243024,0.00014744,0.00006280383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006095073,0.00005645354,0.00006903444,0.0000300707,0.003204426,0.0001333964,0.00005466494,0.0001902746,0.000001420403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009923243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001371458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004543817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990233,0.0001920075,0.0003191952,0.0001186991,0.0001965111,0.000150245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980577,0.0003978999,0.0003345413,0.00005421007,0.001089933,0.00006570735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005734144,0.000154179,0.6727147,0.00004412109,0.001280583,0.0001519536,0.0913894,0.00001007577,0.004237835,0.1827617,0.0003089457,0.04637313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001298955,0.001149637,0.4703368,0.0001763184,0.001073354,0.0008270716,0.2960893,0.00007839996,0.001005898,0.2233236,0.004258343,0.0003823862],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961807,0.0005629285,0.0004151497,0.001624267,0.0008063148,0.00002401497,0.000004547681,0.000005585459,0.0003764906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965413,0.002247439,0.0002026715,0.0005554024,0.0004266569,7.581114e-7,8.136744e-7,0.00000257318,0.0000224344],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2046998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03022259420983444,"score_gpt":0.3322839297328039,"score_spread":0.3020613355229694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}