{"id":"W2792914661","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-809597-3.00430-2","title":"4.19 PV-Based Energy Conversion Systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Exergy; Energy transformation; Solar energy; Process engineering; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Engineering physics; Environmental science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003479579,0.0007868446,0.0009739968,0.0002500787,0.0002195947,0.0001023196,0.0005820786,0.0009950538,0.00401355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001966691,0.0006979093,0.0004941853,0.00002237886,0.0002375994,0.00004017743,0.0001226974,0.0003625957,0.002864135],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002596795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002266579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003085543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001031378,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971112,0.0001377839,0.0007755935,0.0007825858,0.0006704819,0.0005223622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997365,0.0001557338,0.0007213971,0.001168054,0.0002279186,0.0003618785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003386482,0.00003810228,0.00002895775,0.001252586,0.0009462609,0.0003651231,0.0005292789,0.000117298,0.001186891,0.05841299,0.01760675,0.9191771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006646401,0.0001499293,9.827355e-7,0.0009852096,0.000152669,0.00004564744,0.00002051878,0.000370149,0.0008844621,0.00191429,0.9939919,0.0008195885],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005689654,0.002969038,0.0000339714,0.00001181259,0.003813387,0.0004119597,0.00008130707,0.0003237056,0.9922979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006645397,0.00003552682,0.00002377454,0.0008034914,0.003263858,0.00008819578,0.0001907441,0.0002603817,0.9886886],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9763852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995472,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01837859289390884,"score_gpt":0.2147831045787832,"score_spread":0.1964045116848744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}