{"id":"W2793136765","doi":"10.1007/s13194-018-0204-x","title":"Interpreting theories without a spacetime","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal for Philosophy of Science","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Trinity College","funders":"Trinity College, University of Cambridge; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Universiteit van Amsterdam","keywords":"Spacetime; Theoretical physics; Philosophy of science; Interpretation (philosophy); Epistemology; Quantum gravity; Quantum field theory; Field (mathematics); Physics; Quantum; Computer science; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics; Philosophy; Pure mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00308703,0.0001422632,0.0001778024,0.0003076356,0.002807448,0.0002968659,0.001139382,0.000007683652,0.0002976985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002940638,0.0001115073,0.0001227831,0.0001392556,0.01659459,0.001058951,0.0001151268,0.0001646244,0.0001054338],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003848378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001099028,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002141586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002368993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984593,0.00007747176,0.000362832,0.0002787121,0.0004791672,0.0003425385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985036,0.00004885327,0.0003555127,0.000217964,0.000694478,0.0001795625],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008586261,0.00003657754,0.00002337721,0.00001440174,0.000007937916,0.000004231414,0.03933576,0.000001320373,0.00639036,0.9508405,0.0008011032,0.00245853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007507178,0.003433337,0.000139409,0.000516056,0.00003237435,0.0001232904,0.00329178,0.0002796329,0.004267836,0.6849443,0.301708,0.0005133518],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05421197,0.0001034157,0.001194622,0.002327924,0.003240013,0.0001246639,0.00001617937,0.00004599634,0.9387352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936969,0.000003871893,0.001713112,0.0004289865,0.002955951,9.555746e-7,2.376484e-7,0.00001648471,0.001183452],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.939485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984908,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04866581219659747,"score_gpt":0.268741986713469,"score_spread":0.2200761745168715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}