{"id":"W2794320541","doi":"10.1111/boer.12130","title":"PERSISTENCE IN CONVERGENCE AND CLUB FORMATION","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bulletin of Economic Research","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu","keywords":"Univariate; Club; Convergence (economics); Econometrics; Conditional convergence; Benchmark (surveying); Multivariate statistics; Convergence clubs; Economics; Per capita; Persistence (discontinuity); Statistics; Mathematics; Macroeconomics; Geography; Biology; Engineering; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00337332,0.0001381649,0.000634412,0.0022714,0.001008857,0.002300584,0.0007091488,0.00072248,0.007762457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03248231,0.0001458318,0.0004315278,0.001335381,0.002575258,0.001697066,0.002385104,0.0008603004,0.0003864523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007703878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005762274,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001798607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001132453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983546,0.0006035403,0.0001433854,0.0003151092,0.000271124,0.0003121791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.953347,0.02050663,0.01480303,0.00480867,0.002965402,0.003569358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006841354,0.0004726706,0.68891,0.0002325283,0.0003796396,0.001319132,0.00335383,0.02882731,0.002277938,0.1900375,0.002269597,0.08123571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009683109,0.000503854,0.5244362,0.000182827,0.0001338436,0.0009898347,0.005502641,0.1171534,0.002524262,0.344001,0.004383178,0.0000921852],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.978614,0.0001690348,0.01132657,0.0003977889,0.00001790048,0.0000259483,0.00008351566,0.00003910927,0.009326275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992854,0.00002089695,0.000329775,0.00001026409,0.000009574058,0.000005930229,0.00002191135,0.000002630806,0.0003137766],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007762457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02596802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1680486824684881,"score_gpt":0.3152419008515419,"score_spread":0.1471932183830538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}