{"id":"W2794601824","doi":"10.1097/bsd.0000000000000588","title":"Explanatory Versus Pragmatic Trials","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Spine Surgery A Spine Publication","topic":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","field":"Medicine","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Generalizability theory; Clinical trial; Medicine; External validity; Grading (engineering); Randomized controlled trial; Internal validity; Research design; Medical physics; Physical therapy; Psychology; Surgery; Pathology; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007200102,0.0002703432,0.001560962,0.0002523717,0.0002661651,0.0001680992,0.0003856896,0.0003336369,0.001577565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1013047,0.0002147864,0.000970222,0.000166757,0.0003246346,0.0006331593,0.0001704152,0.0004357524,0.0007545861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006063546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003313639,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002858769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001162918,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958383,0.0004258618,0.002332087,0.000639739,0.0003390148,0.0004249626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949886,0.0002838178,0.00172739,0.001990739,0.0005544772,0.0004550038],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005689189,0.00203562,0.08710473,0.0003210066,0.0006699548,0.0001079066,0.00002881491,2.814286e-7,0.00216698,0.01020244,0.4809154,0.4158779],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003347217,0.0006292223,0.9214872,0.000155328,0.0002334945,0.00003167863,0.00001551738,0.0002444296,0.0003206238,0.0001745899,0.07311783,0.0002429242],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8239002,0.0008728403,0.002655304,0.1119877,0.008263481,0.001885131,0.00003632913,0.0005465383,0.04985248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841156,0.0005171004,0.00258065,0.00438985,0.002798585,0.0002829017,0.0008496882,0.00006240982,0.004403185],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8343824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993351,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3039685280310273,"score_gpt":0.4899316904547091,"score_spread":0.1859631624236818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}