{"id":"W2794670849","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2018.03.023","title":"Revisiting norms of assertion","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cognition","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Assertion; Psychology; Norm (philosophy); Epistemology; Cognition; Cognitive science; Principal (computer security); Process (computing); Cognitive psychology; Philosophy; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002090765,0.00004931957,0.00009029262,0.00003541562,0.0001470524,0.00002155787,0.00003661785,0.00003412247,0.0004752759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007725343,0.00004393432,0.0000422673,0.00001850555,0.0002911234,0.0001387641,0.000009906311,0.00006695927,0.000170361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005629108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001123065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001693148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001127788,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995746,0.00003419248,0.0001475847,0.00008426623,0.00007712593,0.00008221462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993749,0.0000471256,0.0001022958,0.00007427597,0.0003852887,0.00001614657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008414567,0.0001654257,0.00109,0.0005685556,0.000108903,0.000002164807,0.05257343,3.444161e-7,0.03081749,0.8149654,0.002188252,0.09743592],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001880255,0.001185904,0.01201978,0.001297612,0.000543423,0.00001241705,0.01920781,0.0004336443,0.2397556,0.433013,0.2897128,0.0009377623],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5578669,0.00009803844,0.0006652623,0.0002712239,0.0007462131,0.000098116,0.0000160484,0.00005920465,0.440179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967218,0.00001131443,0.00007923912,0.0002062316,0.001810674,0.000003820482,0.00003921021,0.000006728168,0.001120961],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4390581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5203938,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08697616063877135,"score_gpt":0.2940381862622796,"score_spread":0.2070620256235083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}