{"id":"W2799999401","doi":"10.3386/w21783","title":"Externalities and Benefit Design in Health Insurance","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Healthcare Policy and Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Externality; Economics; Health insurance; Actuarial science; Microeconomics; Public economics; Health care; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0242866,0.0001845105,0.0008133724,0.001651281,0.0000755834,0.00006405803,0.0003542093,0.0002498645,0.0001449312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001291604,0.0002320846,0.00006919712,0.00018857,0.0001605658,0.0001857191,0.0001806454,0.0005480188,0.0001493698],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004461563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002615053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08657986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002688526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967828,0.000103436,0.001563427,0.0005899466,0.0004361928,0.000524177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977396,0.000485051,0.0006766886,0.000281813,0.0006337113,0.0001831449],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002743278,0.00004497539,0.004968514,0.0006561307,0.0000492254,0.000002051839,0.0002689814,0.0005212329,9.814989e-8,0.9627327,0.02821111,0.002517548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003603091,0.0001098015,0.007070397,0.0001730323,3.600377e-7,0.000005301168,0.00004534838,0.0003799408,0.00000139547,0.8223691,0.1693274,0.0001575778],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.004033493,0.03739769,0.0001169572,0.01307267,0.0009041726,0.001686537,0.001315531,0.00002213723,0.9414508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9367108,0.03490836,0.0009558884,0.0002467932,0.0007531531,0.0002573361,0.0001403968,0.00006642294,0.02596082],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9326773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993601,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6878052516215118,"score_gpt":0.5410185108535067,"score_spread":0.1467867407680051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}