{"id":"W2801666179","doi":"10.1126/science.aar7711","title":"The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":450,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"European Research Council; Lundbeckfonden; EMBO; Riksbankens Jubileumsfond; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Villum Fonden; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Wellcome Trust; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Wellcome","keywords":"Bronze Age; Steppe; Geography; Horse; Ancient history; Bronze; Archaeology; History; Biology; Paleontology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002615427,0.00007751628,0.00009677459,0.00004237457,0.003025715,0.0002425311,0.0009158024,0.00004134934,0.00003141046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005906424,0.00003896094,0.00005293065,0.001035742,0.01622177,0.000313593,0.0001660837,0.000111858,0.00001921059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007069783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002873134,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00610307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02060411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985952,0.0001411179,0.0001257784,0.0002122172,0.0005101216,0.0004155067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989584,0.000347273,0.00009200115,0.0003381851,0.0001362187,0.0001278927],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002357066,0.00008004181,0.06877487,0.000009014277,0.00004579325,0.000009524995,0.7609571,0.0000356537,0.001563939,0.05576232,0.01397941,0.09854666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001122327,0.0007073823,0.8759773,0.0001144097,0.00002845139,0.000004738592,0.06040588,0.001067329,0.000247186,0.03138169,0.02852388,0.0004194273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9647314,0.0004459387,0.0000457601,0.003770771,0.00035281,0.0003267011,0.000001137363,0.00002737298,0.03029811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990085,0.0001430883,0.000078332,0.00007130978,0.0002043902,0.000007035189,5.937708e-8,0.000004621234,0.0004826435],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8072025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982722,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01764516740090145,"score_gpt":0.3388470951785975,"score_spread":0.321201927777696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}