{"id":"W2801849754","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v8n5p27","title":"Acoustic Characteristics of Pakistani English Vowel Sounds","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of English Linguistics","topic":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vowel; Formant; Duration (music); Speech recognition; Statistical analysis; Mid vowel; Acoustics; Space (punctuation); Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005980585,0.0001483172,0.0002906189,0.0003109546,0.00004955328,0.0001937201,0.001402286,0.0000912852,0.0001567061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09846366,0.0001405138,0.0001676073,0.0001836336,0.0001470312,0.0001578643,0.0001564292,0.0002400272,0.00001430277],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009094261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000204503,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005154649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004167585,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978538,0.00005556292,0.0008929301,0.0001645486,0.0008483615,0.000184861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9412295,0.0004456734,0.000850895,0.0002435234,0.05709793,0.00013249],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00181147,0.005838041,0.03267185,0.0003611687,0.005021811,0.002323526,0.09047053,0.0001821277,0.004232418,0.4032808,0.1888787,0.2649275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002658384,0.001136251,0.01198407,0.0005849272,0.0002081308,0.0000567736,0.001547915,0.00658321,0.01978641,0.01314482,0.9414488,0.0008603],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1114407,0.0001856105,0.4853683,0.0001340601,0.2319214,0.000224867,0.0002609908,0.0002584301,0.1702056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9436785,0.0000498542,0.03392736,0.0002209411,0.02201703,6.886472e-7,0.000004066742,0.00001450719,0.00008704283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8322378,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9091303,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01588246871818565,"score_gpt":0.2761914715595188,"score_spread":0.2603090028413331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}