{"id":"W2803733514","doi":"10.2118/185065-pa","title":"Evaluation of Imbibition Oil Recovery in the Duvernay Formation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Imbibition; Oil shale; Wetting; Contact angle; Porosity; Surface tension; Petroleum engineering; Quartz; Mineralogy; Shale oil; Geology; Permeability (electromagnetism); Chemistry; Materials science; Composite material; Geotechnical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002798855,0.0002819803,0.0003793097,0.0009599014,0.000727739,0.0005979161,0.0003311741,0.0002461108,0.0005954751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004181474,0.0001537329,0.000243918,0.000423602,0.0002904631,0.0003108107,0.0004375832,0.0001778616,0.0001589552],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001087192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007193201,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1471367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2732681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999649,0.0000158877,0.00001540679,0.0000563369,0.0001846422,0.00007875384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997694,0.00001863629,0.0000390928,0.00001139661,0.0001242381,0.00003729763],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002572442,0.00003616104,0.08162847,0.00007900797,0.00004615087,0.0002502026,0.0004635714,0.001068758,0.9030778,0.00006342968,0.00008339543,0.01294581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001259481,0.0003685229,0.5488687,0.00001231792,0.00004991646,0.0002565648,0.0008027966,0.005677466,0.44068,0.00001858316,0.003222468,0.000030179],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990532,0.00009294035,0.0003341511,0.000006025606,9.443718e-7,0.000006583652,0.0001051316,0.00001986082,0.0003812267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984214,0.00007099109,0.0008148437,0.000006052916,5.438317e-7,0.000005418559,0.0001725627,0.000007931792,0.0005002171],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8528633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2925605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04396932560856343,"score_gpt":0.2853511000381592,"score_spread":0.2413817744295957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}