{"id":"W2803953728","doi":"10.1016/j.biocel.2018.05.001","title":"Nicotine induced autophagy of Leydig cells rather than apoptosis is the major reason of the decrease of serum testosterone","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology","topic":"Sex work and related issues","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Autophagy; Leydig cell; Nicotine; Apoptosis; Testosterone (patch); Endocrinology; Biology; Internal medicine; Cell biology; PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway; Chemistry; Andrology; Medicine; Luteinizing hormone; Biochemistry; Hormone","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000117664,0.000248042,0.0004962708,0.0003317935,0.0003809742,0.0003789952,0.0002839467,0.0003499767,0.001881726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002023466,0.000160205,0.0007168211,0.0002178863,0.0003653682,0.0003166183,0.000184091,0.0008650318,0.0004714958],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006028665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006692666,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002322327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003509643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997628,0.00002106609,0.00002160481,0.00006114167,0.00009748185,0.00003588901],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998399,0.00001758233,0.00002874394,0.00002681057,0.00004956863,0.00003741854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001105448,0.0001452831,0.01323157,0.0002132166,0.0001148544,0.0007439597,0.00009479964,0.00007811284,0.9715241,0.0006034938,0.0004501973,0.01169491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004558206,0.0006316556,0.200436,0.00002503297,0.0001656831,0.002085871,0.0002149063,0.000787565,0.7873728,0.0006105732,0.007597634,0.00002659488],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9662113,0.01856564,0.004489115,0.0008866236,0.0006370878,0.00008172201,0.001585143,0.0003554494,0.007188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885476,0.002558231,0.00115919,0.0001752171,0.00006789089,0.00003535831,0.0006691679,0.0000294155,0.006758051],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002322327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006294966,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01230820019749981,"score_gpt":0.2818534374303729,"score_spread":0.2695452372328732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}