{"id":"W2804147862","doi":"10.1017/s0003055418000199","title":"Independent Candidates and Political Representation in India","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Political Science Review","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Turnout; Representation (politics); Voter turnout; Politics; Percentage point; Government (linguistics); Ethnic group; Proportional representation; Demographic economics; Exploit; Contingent vote; General election; Standard deviation; Political science; Economics; Political economy; Voting; Statistics; Group voting ticket; Democracy; Law; Computer science; Mathematics; Computer security; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008984065,0.0002499888,0.0003957074,0.001945985,0.001165275,0.001782313,0.0006606625,0.0003971253,0.009131528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003749176,0.0002061945,0.00074955,0.003241819,0.001193378,0.0003747751,0.001961144,0.0009393896,0.0009227177],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001250674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009273011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03669926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03712815,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99885,0.0003853014,0.00004255305,0.0001052628,0.0001398363,0.0004771155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957957,0.001322981,0.001844508,0.0002843209,0.0002090856,0.0005434239],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002872572,0.0002122878,0.9758134,0.00006406867,0.0001318062,0.0003870935,0.001957215,0.002730267,0.0002329265,0.006592773,0.001851411,0.009739459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003288654,0.0001265478,0.9890774,0.00002473634,0.0001048199,0.0001408081,0.002614302,0.003059131,0.0002239661,0.0015425,0.003037392,0.00001549504],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.994231,0.00007681706,0.0002251013,0.0002220178,0.000007020245,0.00001230777,0.000314506,0.00001537763,0.004895937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987065,0.0000403393,0.00004954971,0.00001382098,0.000007879556,0.00000722013,0.0002118477,0.000002112195,0.0009607882],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03669926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07297128,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04011006995609783,"score_gpt":0.4356902913486197,"score_spread":0.3955802213925219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}