{"id":"W2806837809","doi":"10.1093/mnras/sty2532","title":"Transient spiral structure and the disc velocity substructure in Gaia DR2","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Flatiron Health; European Space Agency","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Milky Way; Spiral galaxy; Galaxy; Substructure; Spiral (railway); Logarithmic spiral; Mass distribution; Astronomy; Geometry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001547383,0.0002113068,0.0003392552,0.000007097465,0.0002377272,0.00003738896,0.0003297259,0.00006623339,0.0001598516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008227125,0.0001128753,0.0002529105,0.00006951177,0.0009879878,0.00004786452,0.0001476374,0.0003139068,0.000002314688],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002482921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002284633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001008895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001856195,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989247,0.00008429937,0.0002776667,0.000256969,0.0001561739,0.0003001675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999347,0.000171348,0.0001498811,0.000251232,0.00002863837,0.00005184326],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012875,0.00002924883,0.9768735,0.00001116422,0.0001679199,3.344941e-8,0.003643709,0.0170483,0.000002429454,0.0001852455,0.0004714949,0.001438258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001367376,0.00003120706,0.954237,0.00001445817,0.00009745592,1.139621e-8,0.0005887721,0.04264853,0.0001905233,0.0003640708,0.0003349412,0.0001255965],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968004,0.0001547225,0.00001896268,0.0007244375,0.0002797779,0.000251084,0.00006311812,0.00000658326,0.001700945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989037,1.59462e-7,0.0004876603,0.00005942265,0.0004640582,0.00000455592,0.0000104466,0.00001012418,0.00005990557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02560023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4602922,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005452275940680675,"score_gpt":0.193748116120359,"score_spread":0.1882958401796783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}