{"id":"W2807448364","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-89375-4_3","title":"The 4S Method","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Core (optical fiber); Context (archaeology); Computer science; Path (computing); Chaps; Management science; Engineering; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000233444,0.00009695148,0.00006589232,0.00002082665,0.00004876386,0.00004996985,0.0001147972,0.00009859728,0.01320533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002106505,0.00006479336,0.0000358322,0.000007198204,0.00001535839,0.00003513534,0.000008862078,0.0001681177,0.005917361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001980341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001778054,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001670519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008056097,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996851,0.000008223437,0.00009116404,0.00006781049,0.00007282016,0.00007487707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993344,0.0003446829,0.00002021449,0.0002364676,0.00003212444,0.00003210874],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001021726,5.636525e-7,2.154304e-8,0.00000592841,0.00004566073,3.714944e-7,0.00006388185,0.000005451105,0.000007495401,0.2604014,0.6989554,0.04051277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001411686,0.000004035416,6.959943e-7,0.000005091541,0.00001703427,0.000005407546,0.00001240385,0.0002759506,0.00005091992,0.0157047,0.9838192,0.00009044122],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[4.772108e-8,0.0004113132,0.02870632,0.0002984562,0.001244226,0.00005614334,0.000001246273,0.0001599891,0.9691222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001197691,0.0003634409,0.007927604,0.0002165284,0.0004296899,0.000003450641,0.000002879129,0.00003742378,0.991007],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2848638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948567,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03332072687641532,"score_gpt":0.3002693364196752,"score_spread":0.2669486095432599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}