{"id":"W2807988883","doi":"10.1139/cgj-2017-0182","title":"Numerical simulations of shallow groundwater flow and heat transport in continuous permafrost setting under impact of climate warming","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université Laval","keywords":"Permafrost; Groundwater flow; Hydrogeology; Water table; Groundwater; Geology; Frost heaving; Hydrology (agriculture); Snow; Environmental science; Groundwater recharge; Active layer; Moisture; Geotechnical engineering; Advection; Soil science; Geomorphology; Aquifer; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002329159,0.0004702765,0.0005822331,0.0004985915,0.0007968514,0.0007843426,0.001131093,0.001342388,0.001735772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001144985,0.000330856,0.0006161879,0.0007965406,0.0009524299,0.0003270504,0.0005393786,0.0006646934,0.000098861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002875295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001978714,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2586778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1585398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999866,0.00002678434,0.000007780234,0.00002487534,0.00002129572,0.00005318458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994573,0.0002760724,0.00006065188,0.00003076089,0.00008258345,0.00009267847],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007217334,0.00006396381,0.00546853,0.00001279939,0.00001448239,0.0000666706,0.00004048928,0.992238,0.0007005953,0.0004853934,0.00008694507,0.0007500497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004232502,0.00003621145,0.00296307,0.000003991281,0.000007246076,0.000007504471,0.00006606797,0.9962915,0.0002828666,0.0001720725,0.0001178549,0.000009299497],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995281,0.00004454139,0.001326767,0.00008310792,0.00001138812,0.00002661005,0.0004215842,0.00004775565,0.002757092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979008,0.00003862514,0.001110329,0.00001542565,0.000003122095,0.00003036172,0.0003068651,0.000008064365,0.0005864403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2586778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5143443,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02027000431751985,"score_gpt":0.2550176984907825,"score_spread":0.2347476941732627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}