{"id":"W2808243099","doi":"10.1029/2018jb016001","title":"Particle Crushing of a Filled Fracture During Compression and Its Effect on Stress Wave Propagation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"China Scholarship Council; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Deformation (meteorology); Fracture (geology); Compression (physics); Composite material; Softening; Stress (linguistics); Comminution; Compressive strength; Fracture mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001566643,0.0002162701,0.0002071261,0.0002366906,0.000201485,0.0001650132,0.000185021,0.0003065291,0.0006566904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004282031,0.0001206087,0.0002271754,0.0001321998,0.00029247,0.0001819222,0.0001568658,0.0002977225,0.00005139657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001532567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007814821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001768083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002096167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998953,0.000008004293,0.000006676913,0.0000163876,0.0000481912,0.00002543722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996488,0.0001311533,0.00008509383,0.00002903212,0.00006362449,0.00004225833],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004746022,0.00007928457,0.01174611,0.00007113674,0.00002797562,0.000693506,0.000127956,0.005397678,0.9733661,0.00005470303,0.00007639782,0.007884621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002805317,0.001600746,0.1640308,0.00001699602,0.00004374187,0.0004977788,0.0003656388,0.0897548,0.7429854,0.0001349782,0.0005005262,0.00004051852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.999198,0.00006174611,0.0006155547,0.000006436449,0.000004065776,0.000002892764,0.00001868905,0.00001438374,0.00007829574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996936,0.00002006481,0.0001913963,0.000003541129,8.008423e-7,0.000001700761,0.0000132165,0.000001586043,0.00007404172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001768083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003515661,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02878329507901772,"score_gpt":0.3152111468981967,"score_spread":0.286427851819179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}