{"id":"W2808567028","doi":"10.24908/iqurcp.11801","title":"Targeted Killings in International Law: Considering Extra-judicial Killings on Canadians Abroad","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Inquiry Queen s Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings","topic":"International Law and Human Rights","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Principle of legality; International law; Law; Political science; Terrorism; Proportionality (law); Crimes against humanity; Jus ad bellum; Law of war; International humanitarian law; Law enforcement; International community; Customary international law; War crime; Public international law; Use of force; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002680505,0.0004413202,0.0005665349,0.002040925,0.01154448,0.008585238,0.001785934,0.004289542,0.01235768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005992861,0.0002542776,0.0009133253,0.001860928,0.008363032,0.005337258,0.003102583,0.003655207,0.0004010633],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02820564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02541099,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.664423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7658086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966377,0.0006251032,0.00006868596,0.0002308587,0.0008035837,0.001634018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965535,0.001260212,0.000281845,0.0001263841,0.001304302,0.000473819],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001397795,0.00004520908,0.002089432,0.00004009441,0.00001113427,0.001038891,0.004998479,0.001790297,0.00009856806,0.9803466,0.005403854,0.004123356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000978091,0.0002073,0.03092081,0.001289023,0.0002455782,0.001159519,0.1113109,0.02199447,0.0006606057,0.4416788,0.3901826,0.0002527014],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1562028,0.002612547,0.003569393,0.01520493,0.0003087597,0.0001591525,0.0001193755,0.00001092063,0.821812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9376278,0.002043709,0.001448559,0.003195105,0.0002366243,0.00006498548,0.00007545338,0.00001760299,0.05529016],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.335577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6751064,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09889782673699937,"score_gpt":0.4052713396763628,"score_spread":0.3063735129393634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}