{"id":"W2883609103","doi":"10.1109/waina.2018.00086","title":"Education Analytics: Challenges and Approaches","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Victoria","keywords":"Computer science; Analytics; Data science; Learning analytics; Software analytics; State (computer science); Data analysis; Data mining; Software; Algorithm; Software development","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001062705,0.00004299939,0.00004817028,0.00004931676,0.00004418554,0.00005260016,0.0001588636,0.00002095021,0.000004603906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001898869,0.00003433056,0.00001075143,0.00007170425,0.00004010167,0.000123426,0.00006754557,0.00003758696,0.00004117128],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004347117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004017238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003539735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009722775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996318,0.00001459282,0.00005343328,0.0001604793,0.00006170294,0.00007802891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996924,0.00001657461,0.00001928734,0.0001934343,0.00003647525,0.00004181045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[1.856675e-7,0.00002956624,0.000166039,0.000005059931,0.000004316343,1.048809e-7,0.000477443,0.000001556155,0.000005402894,0.3896851,0.0002676134,0.6093577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001679168,0.0002795812,0.01958262,0.0000306484,0.00001593294,0.00002526016,0.001363468,0.8388281,0.0004607052,0.08789368,0.05102759,0.000324523],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05608492,0.006011847,0.3127355,0.1070161,0.0006369174,0.0001372525,3.044397e-7,0.0006388251,0.5167384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9341631,0.0001714567,0.06215077,0.0002027187,0.0002294941,8.404862e-7,3.623119e-7,0.000002426534,0.003078835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8780782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.139996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07353244635768398,"score_gpt":0.28007030016366,"score_spread":0.206537853805976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}