{"id":"W2883787170","doi":"10.1115/1.2004-aug-3","title":"Lessons of the Blackout","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Reliability (semiconductor); Electricity; Electric power industry; Engineering; Electricity generation; Electric power; Order (exchange); Electric utility; Reliability engineering; Power (physics); Electric power system; Electrical engineering; Business; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001190102,0.00009462395,0.0001404531,0.00002068181,0.00001536926,0.000005586588,0.0002189892,0.00006368552,0.000007594191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008350359,0.00007045583,0.00009052593,0.0001586218,0.00001250651,0.00004002724,0.00004366088,0.0001515398,0.0000134186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000671083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001125593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008017291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004378539,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994231,0.000004550366,0.0001815409,0.00008937255,0.0001149774,0.0001864519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996164,0.00002361157,0.00001338947,0.0002852042,0.00001584431,0.00004548087],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001098659,0.00001239936,0.000003060788,0.0001453429,0.00001910223,0.000001383076,0.0000770282,0.8306155,0.0714388,0.09734458,0.00004237382,0.000299393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001104599,0.00005663913,0.0009528871,0.0008307343,0.00003611198,0.00004277557,0.00005849536,0.2242383,0.7461135,0.006220628,0.0197605,0.0005848506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2754284,0.0004588495,0.7162461,0.0008522755,0.003299635,0.0003753685,0.0000173971,0.0008372424,0.002484654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990266,0.0000106539,0.0008646534,0.00001443404,0.00003433912,0.00000544438,2.467756e-7,0.00001943197,0.00002422786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7235981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2873105,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00667138234144216,"score_gpt":0.1839229465761118,"score_spread":0.1772515642346697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}