{"id":"W2883932679","doi":"10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.07.024","title":"Modify, simplify, apply: Do we need preclinical models for surgical innovation?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","topic":"Animal testing and alternatives","field":"Veterinary","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Intracardiac injection; Medicine; Cardiac surgery; Cardiothoracic surgery; Animal model; Clinical Practice; Translational research; Innovator; Disease; Intensive care medicine; Medical physics; Surgery; Pathology; Computer science; Internal medicine; Intellectual property","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005878801,0.0005739929,0.002373029,0.0006914198,0.0002088497,0.0002158251,0.0004217643,0.000953669,0.00004028164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006932775,0.0004628031,0.003328919,0.0004310465,0.0002811634,0.0003967777,0.0001834245,0.001888981,0.00001158521],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005932363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002784915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009621429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.296294e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950569,0.0007113567,0.001826643,0.0006464281,0.001178386,0.0005802833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939728,0.002774798,0.001241955,0.0006435343,0.001227593,0.0001392558],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001998004,0.0001033997,0.000295,0.00126188,0.006967571,0.006342913,0.0001305579,0.0002090961,0.000007287893,0.00008179167,0.8375639,0.1450386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006173938,0.0006473945,0.00005096509,0.001350505,0.00129834,0.008030795,0.00007991456,0.001045997,0.00001801957,0.008869982,0.9772632,0.0007274938],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3859545,0.2450294,0.1456282,0.2037953,0.01127588,0.00299286,0.0008669702,0.0005253098,0.003931627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.784017,0.02163461,0.01238821,0.05003488,0.1273912,0.0002332749,0.0003300497,0.0008938612,0.003076876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3980625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2474088062445526,"score_gpt":0.423235650197857,"score_spread":0.1758268439533044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}