{"id":"W2887022222","doi":"10.1002/soej.12281","title":"Requiring Versus Recommending Preparation Before Class: Does It Matter?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Southern Economic Journal","topic":"Innovations in Educational Methods","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quartile; Class (philosophy); Mathematics education; Quarter (Canadian coin); Psychology; Standard deviation; Medical education; Graduate students; Computer science; Medicine; Pedagogy; Mathematics; Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01699358,0.0003523941,0.001172029,0.0003745108,0.001047043,0.00272287,0.001306424,0.00334891,0.01101127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.09163978,0.0004261983,0.00107748,0.0006175022,0.002127542,0.001919466,0.0009181931,0.002444321,0.001574103],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001467575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002719142,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001794333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00275267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9848909,0.008429533,0.001164197,0.002157738,0.0021955,0.001162142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8249721,0.1204457,0.03415947,0.007266884,0.002130687,0.01102509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.04525235,0.06500188,0.582526,0.002938472,0.001991035,0.0003127445,0.008409398,0.003669188,0.02132347,0.00864343,0.009484566,0.2504475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003602415,0.03586698,0.936834,0.0004120717,0.00120012,0.00008021377,0.003189302,0.002324951,0.004996909,0.004282358,0.007061225,0.00014935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.989695,0.0003730505,0.001724838,0.002226977,0.0001650524,0.0006663759,0.0001460763,0.00006827607,0.004934353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946285,0.0001367862,0.002014933,0.001200959,0.00006932204,0.000881827,0.0001210894,0.00001685657,0.0009296688],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01699358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0898717,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05738581836258335,"score_gpt":0.4224892830184819,"score_spread":0.3651034646558985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}