{"id":"W2887294293","doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.120877","title":"β Cell dysfunction exists more than 5 years before type 1 diabetes diagnosis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JCI Insight","topic":"Diabetes and associated disorders","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Diabetes Canada","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; George and Frances Ball Foundation; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; School of Medicine, Indiana University; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; Ball Brothers Foundation; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International","keywords":"Type 2 diabetes; Medicine; Diabetes mellitus; Internal medicine; Intensive care medicine; Endocrinology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000570205,0.0001320812,0.000110248,0.00003610271,0.00007670963,0.00003188609,0.0001297924,0.0001714515,0.0001255168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004639453,0.000124079,0.00007966011,0.0001449007,0.00008764533,0.000005988785,0.00007509418,0.00006274795,0.0001489847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001408604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000304531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001655185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006060427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991983,0.00002389991,0.0001211396,0.000275589,0.0001103316,0.0002707345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995119,0.000006221171,0.00006525486,0.0002498884,0.00009595184,0.00007080518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007331227,0.0006528085,0.5570355,0.00005868349,0.0002639683,0.00000653299,0.001004883,0.0000122077,0.1412789,0.0001124548,0.2717297,0.02777105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007048648,0.001334874,0.105813,0.00002540419,0.00004919093,3.120693e-7,0.0001433413,0.00004031015,0.206659,0.0001804891,0.6846851,0.0003641342],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900512,0.0009613523,0.000005579802,0.0001444018,0.0005319276,0.00009867294,0.00001571848,0.00002635805,0.008164827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964641,0.0001623461,0.00006928541,0.0006431899,0.0004786132,0.00002355344,0.0002330838,0.00002919164,0.001896592],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4512225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5059795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006308586832299522,"score_gpt":0.2201124700084767,"score_spread":0.2138038831761772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}