{"id":"W2889155619","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.072","title":"A facile route to grain morphology controllable perovskite thin films towards highly efficient perovskite solar cells","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Energy","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Atomic Energy of Canada Limited; Energimyndigheten; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Perovskite (structure); Materials science; Energy conversion efficiency; Photovoltaics; Crystallite; Grain size; Nanotechnology; Grain boundary; Perovskite solar cell; Band gap; Hysteresis; Thin film; Optoelectronics; Photovoltaic system; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Microstructure; Metallurgy; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002515014,0.000349935,0.0004426889,0.00019991,0.0002994855,0.000119362,0.0004732588,0.000168388,0.0005304388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001910016,0.0003421371,0.000121646,0.0004303445,0.00008378526,0.00005919013,0.0001906297,0.0001213764,0.0005891662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001353171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005651377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008184689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001119741,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980083,0.00007114215,0.0004265029,0.0004902796,0.0002906111,0.0007131639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988905,0.00003106476,0.00005943072,0.0006128082,0.0001595638,0.0002465867],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002545186,0.00005688388,0.000003120394,0.00001148155,0.0000368397,0.000007279754,0.0004711128,0.08440039,0.8768699,0.001219822,0.03531104,0.001586641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006700966,0.0001813829,0.00006179485,0.00001423268,0.00002445368,0.00001528319,0.00007975654,0.04370768,0.4597522,0.00007211158,0.4950135,0.0004075262],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655611,0.0002568113,0.02156764,0.0005179097,0.001954005,0.0003334312,0.0008306506,0.0006791101,0.008299341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919178,0.00002935437,0.002141398,0.001251321,0.000389717,0.0003554776,0.0000848693,0.00008347524,0.003746582],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4597025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005849979890669247,"score_gpt":0.197196108309531,"score_spread":0.1913461284188617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}