{"id":"W2889259227","doi":"10.1080/00084433.2018.1514191","title":"Unusual reference states for chemical potentials","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Component (thermodynamics); Unary operation; Stoichiometry; Thermodynamics; Gibbs free energy; Binary number; Equilibrium constant; Chemistry; Constant (computer programming); Chemical equilibrium; Energy (signal processing); Physical chemistry; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001836759,0.0002654842,0.0003487978,0.0001191111,0.0001080491,0.0001043997,0.0003379281,0.0002031705,0.001219052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000255784,0.0002315869,0.000140146,0.0002106061,0.000167737,0.000136567,0.000007195436,0.0001764295,0.0003482336],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001058719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008444162,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00125931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984308,0.00002174872,0.0003499343,0.0003247306,0.0001651413,0.0007076111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986506,0.00008373423,0.0000297746,0.0002675057,0.0001441685,0.0008242924],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005139195,0.0003181431,0.00001060285,0.001365557,0.00235118,0.0005801962,0.002803408,0.00528734,0.06404514,0.6093628,0.01687903,0.2964827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088745,0.0005921142,0.00008487597,0.00002758331,0.0001036745,0.00005137085,0.0001428465,0.6603501,0.0005447782,0.02999414,0.3063705,0.0008504884],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6570777,0.0004359293,0.2899086,0.0004755572,0.001085049,0.0007851511,0.0004891716,0.0005869299,0.04915591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975184,0.0000123251,0.001352673,0.0002285352,0.0003593538,0.00005224357,0.0001209992,0.00005489938,0.0003006173],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6550628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999694,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01178023803367883,"score_gpt":0.2190231587187696,"score_spread":0.2072429206850908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}