{"id":"W2889424096","doi":"10.1126/science.aar6859","title":"Global carbon intensity of crude oil production","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","field":"Energy","cited_by":340,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Energy Technology Laboratory; William and Flora Hewlett Foundation; Ford Motor Company; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Production (economics); Crude oil; Environmental science; Intensity (physics); Natural resource economics; Carbon fibers; Business; Agricultural economics; Economics; Petroleum engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Geology; Oceanography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007039694,0.000486178,0.0003101217,0.00129055,0.00019786,0.0009178337,0.0002304002,0.0005240061,0.004537936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001453219,0.0001575085,0.0004243612,0.004487057,0.0004930125,0.001812043,0.0006374539,0.0006125517,0.0007834134],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001635625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001205646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01620314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0174045,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995936,0.00006620394,0.00001873341,0.0001020041,0.000158153,0.00006137109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992562,0.0001502501,0.0001542465,0.00009709527,0.0002993399,0.00004280583],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001237549,0.0001835196,0.4519326,0.001476763,0.00114162,0.0003924135,0.0004486413,0.06936133,0.07221457,0.09574368,0.01957113,0.2862962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003302204,0.0002317795,0.7372647,0.0002644184,0.0003652562,0.000374266,0.001051742,0.01614819,0.03747887,0.07601037,0.1306596,0.000117735],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7886187,0.01685888,0.01904323,0.01107948,0.00054144,0.00004647976,0.03399779,0.0002538281,0.1295603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796826,0.006339936,0.002122227,0.0004868291,0.0001531314,0.00002491555,0.005768661,0.00006535715,0.005356287],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01620314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03221762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01551439867394333,"score_gpt":0.298232648782038,"score_spread":0.2827182501080946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}