{"id":"W2890015844","doi":"10.3390/instruments2040019","title":"Quenching Circuit and SPAD Integrated in CMOS 65 nm with 7.8 ps FWHM Single Photon Timing Resolution","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Instruments","topic":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Jitter; Full width at half maximum; CMOS; Avalanche diode; Silicon photomultiplier; Single-photon avalanche diode; Physics; Voltage; Photonics; Optoelectronics; Propagation delay; Materials science; Optics; Electronic engineering; Avalanche photodiode; Detector; Breakdown voltage; Engineering; Scintillator","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002036723,0.0002443414,0.0003136577,0.0002712743,0.0002268995,0.0004727413,0.0009156801,0.0005558952,0.001356339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005033886,0.0001875562,0.0002707147,0.0002703191,0.0002016795,0.0005341323,0.0002541814,0.0003616961,0.0003049478],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001234756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008206825,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001948422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002801595,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999486,0.00002026122,0.00002020591,0.0001239596,0.0002920623,0.00005753593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996558,0.00005639857,0.0001041673,0.00003802654,0.0001145562,0.0000310904],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001266592,0.00003782682,0.001008469,0.0001663779,0.00002611204,0.0001699625,0.00007771818,0.001992771,0.9735197,0.002119416,0.0008021937,0.01995276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004452209,0.0005500338,0.002597718,0.0000166029,0.0000670213,0.0007139714,0.00003102448,0.03402842,0.943711,0.0003419516,0.01785989,0.00003771549],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7122371,0.003064806,0.2640909,0.001078754,0.0005409608,0.0002778326,0.0008999651,0.004139178,0.01367055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9198099,0.0003608382,0.07554382,0.0002218307,0.00006626051,0.00005522414,0.000134599,0.00008413444,0.003723514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001948422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008958817,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02241877201831996,"score_gpt":0.2429118364420339,"score_spread":0.220493064423714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}