{"id":"W2890078521","doi":"10.3386/w25047","title":"The Making of the Modern Metropolis: Evidence from London","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Art","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004240951,0.0002493523,0.0003217815,0.001231685,0.000658463,0.001630716,0.000767307,0.0004915004,0.006020148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004361208,0.0004152469,0.0003977978,0.004421385,0.001387235,0.00124252,0.001877221,0.0005203199,0.0009805887],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001805304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007003202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2438665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4123263,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993939,0.0002171447,0.00005635444,0.00013453,0.0001062752,0.00009171687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942545,0.0009421337,0.003068619,0.0007022917,0.0006084363,0.0004240103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002474794,0.00006175096,0.9599139,0.0002537859,0.0004089701,0.0006856083,0.01378208,0.001234942,0.0003358272,0.005518449,0.008877976,0.008679313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003610365,0.0000432596,0.9633796,0.0001199308,0.0001020466,0.0001325632,0.01462198,0.0009278987,0.0001961579,0.0006061426,0.01980278,0.00003148398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853227,0.0008924572,0.0001446483,0.001005365,0.00001376698,0.0000144068,0.003160486,0.00001367725,0.009432644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963716,0.0004925322,0.00006552647,0.00006708704,0.00001549888,0.000009226726,0.001434588,0.0000121583,0.001531755],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2438665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.484894,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4671240586624403,"score_gpt":0.4755738937202046,"score_spread":0.00844983505776431,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}