{"id":"W2890892343","doi":"10.1093/aje/kwy177","title":"Diagnostics for Pleiotropy in Mendelian Randomization Studies: Global and Individual Tests for Direct Effects","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Epidemiology","topic":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Institute for Cancer Research","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah; Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf; National Institutes of Health; Medical Research Council; Deutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung; University of Washington; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum; University of Southern California; University of Melbourne; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute; Massachusetts General Hospital; National Cancer Institute; Brigham and Women's Hospital","keywords":"Mendelian randomization; Pleiotropy; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Genetics; Biology; Statistics; Genetic variants; Mathematics; Genotype; Phenotype; Gene","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1491083,0.002185599,0.004787941,0.005281234,0.001241614,0.002351489,0.002904313,0.002852761,0.002368178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.3980226,0.001034367,0.005122602,0.004309371,0.005737431,0.003559032,0.004402365,0.00476904,0.0002939846],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008077222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002235108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007192245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007779881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7293264,0.2330119,0.008517927,0.01713261,0.01066265,0.001348592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.4081986,0.5350872,0.0172605,0.03340614,0.004472189,0.001575353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003130237,0.0004201076,0.378051,0.003743382,0.02990253,0.002756606,0.002526853,0.05824194,0.009934837,0.1251711,0.004534204,0.3815871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002245346,0.006292104,0.2034126,0.001143364,0.006496835,0.006060858,0.001050952,0.2988567,0.01420065,0.4449028,0.01449015,0.0008477002],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.05210415,0.002012963,0.9419728,0.0006675211,0.0001922574,0.0007311187,0.0005755953,0.0006338255,0.001109777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5480109,0.0005807414,0.4472185,0.000619281,0.0002334779,0.002060384,0.0006218444,0.0002471008,0.0004076195],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8508916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7885697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03653473515988693,"score_gpt":0.3740126894127643,"score_spread":0.3374779542528774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}