{"id":"W2891884060","doi":"10.7202/1051286ar","title":"So How Do English Language Learners Use \"So\"?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; English language; Language assessment; Language transfer; Psychology; First language; Comprehension approach; Language education","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00144999,0.0002024799,0.0002790257,0.000636847,0.0006352772,0.002549909,0.000418341,0.0006432508,0.001224041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009749478,0.0001501187,0.0001571419,0.0003261903,0.001345306,0.002026088,0.001088143,0.0005767134,0.000447652],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002915965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006176747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002491291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00284523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989919,0.0003621576,0.00006762495,0.000141782,0.0003129085,0.0001235737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955996,0.001781143,0.001155281,0.0002249031,0.0007633063,0.0004757684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001862113,0.0002075575,0.3798503,0.0004933107,0.00008075767,0.000700953,0.4583342,0.00009840508,0.01492635,0.007011633,0.002153835,0.1359565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001582556,0.0003141782,0.2877255,0.0004708315,0.000101543,0.001929497,0.6531712,0.000438177,0.004413027,0.004533095,0.04680996,0.00007722881],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899954,0.0006878207,0.0006441779,0.0007606865,0.00002825746,0.00001181348,0.0000346008,0.00001040255,0.007826905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960414,0.001028313,0.0004378487,0.0002099437,0.00001515253,0.00001113959,0.00004349589,0.00001124378,0.002201431],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002549909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007668376,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03265906015514589,"score_gpt":0.2538428775828587,"score_spread":0.2211838174277128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}