{"id":"W2891884060","doi":"10.7202/1051286ar","title":"So How Do English Language Learners Use \"So\"?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics","topic":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; English language; Language assessment; Language transfer; Psychology; First language; Comprehension approach; Language education","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000274906,0.0001677636,0.0002352716,0.0002523371,0.0006149932,0.001944957,0.0005255624,0.00007013157,0.001076964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001283131,0.0001501182,0.00008199967,0.00006254239,0.001173644,0.00008022989,0.00002429504,0.0003982797,0.00005335403],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001007003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00125557,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002955613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07916088,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989966,0.00003272695,0.0003060369,0.0001202232,0.0002018782,0.0003424914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977361,0.0001209272,0.0003061134,0.0004164698,0.0009987041,0.0004216796],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001515695,0.00001236341,0.00008540092,0.00001171944,0.00006886784,0.00008065917,0.239698,0.00001189254,0.00001578537,0.7345185,0.0241985,0.001283151],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002390557,0.00005589101,0.00002407007,0.0000348663,0.00005370665,0.000004965023,0.1271925,0.000008159222,0.00008870375,0.001719104,0.8704004,0.0001786089],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1523173,0.0009745698,0.00005276169,0.0004157721,0.004492128,0.0001814002,0.0001632513,0.00006051442,0.8413423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879513,0.00001813158,0.0009305892,0.0004788208,0.008615974,0.000001661054,0.00001443975,0.00003793996,0.001951145],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8462018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03265906015514589,"score_gpt":0.2538428775828587,"score_spread":0.2211838174277128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}