{"id":"W2892211301","doi":"10.1142/9789813229396_0005","title":"Arabic Word Spotting Approaches and Techniques","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks","topic":"Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Spotting; Arabic; Word (group theory); Linguistics; Natural language processing; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005621992,0.0004254312,0.0004852717,0.0005397701,0.001071768,0.001477857,0.0003589775,0.0001105386,0.004764103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003137437,0.0003204634,0.0002180547,0.00001979822,0.002379598,0.00006315277,0.0002278024,0.0003598399,0.0003235109],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005982582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003740356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003219211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01594737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979075,0.00002032895,0.0004639385,0.0008265233,0.0004334874,0.0003482688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998623,0.00005418118,0.0003362552,0.0005695833,0.0002960835,0.0001209168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006258945,0.000008499734,0.000003383671,0.0001058361,0.0001357269,0.0000243967,0.02062471,4.3394e-8,0.0000387082,0.9218407,0.03685144,0.02036031],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004255174,0.00001258038,6.257513e-7,0.0002804213,0.0001983349,0.000002981245,0.0005363411,0.00001414423,0.000211094,0.05986055,0.9383966,0.0004437471],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004409775,0.0003584545,0.00001179874,0.00005573835,0.001087436,0.0002811307,0.00006916309,0.0002892877,0.997406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01573354,8.952528e-7,0.0007188403,0.0001012755,0.003075829,0.00001524081,0.00008958585,0.00006183077,0.980203],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9015452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999247,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07077514900205505,"score_gpt":0.2243482149351735,"score_spread":0.1535730659331184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}