{"id":"W2892363859","doi":"10.3386/w8831","title":"Economic Backwardness in Political Perspective","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Russia and Soviet political economy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Backwardness; Perspective (graphical); Politics; Political science; Positive economics; Economics; Neoclassical economics; Computer science; Law; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008477358,0.0005940786,0.000564011,0.0009384494,0.001622286,0.002985134,0.0006587674,0.001818632,0.01555493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001443069,0.0002941074,0.0007329747,0.0007785781,0.00336769,0.003079451,0.002296287,0.002195154,0.001320202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002622813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001277604,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006230281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005485663,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994274,0.0002438864,0.0000109168,0.00009395342,0.0000943296,0.0001294006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993825,0.0002461106,0.0000868661,0.00009733553,0.00006368784,0.0001234831],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004732661,0.0000070472,0.0002044527,0.000006290845,0.000002372498,0.0000345862,0.00007237119,0.003638348,0.00004716843,0.9948678,0.000329989,0.0007848794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002281947,0.0000174891,0.0002610401,0.00001505794,0.00000590624,0.00004242682,0.00006929407,0.01405428,0.00003820875,0.9738782,0.01159033,0.000004990853],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1430184,0.001622632,0.1181433,0.01673631,0.000182615,0.00008798909,0.0004649227,0.0001395323,0.7196043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9563678,0.001028897,0.00650063,0.0007757338,0.0001124901,0.000101996,0.0001310356,0.00003507599,0.03494641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01555493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05203646,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3593353262054915,"score_gpt":0.5632636707492982,"score_spread":0.2039283445438067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}