{"id":"W2894160901","doi":"10.1364/ao.57.008314","title":"Experimental study of the turbulence effect on underwater optical wireless communications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Scintillation; Optics; Underwater; Free-space optical communication; Optical link; Optical communication; Physics; Span (engineering); Probability density function; Range (aeronautics); Transmission (telecommunications); Optical wireless; Log-normal distribution; Underwater acoustic communication; Telecommunications; Wireless; Mechanics; Computer science; Optical fiber; Statistics; Aerospace engineering; Mathematics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000384751,0.0003015751,0.00018985,0.000262528,0.0004093997,0.0002095116,0.0003051953,0.000299012,0.0009248864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008481172,0.0001284078,0.0001485524,0.0003423977,0.0004665791,0.0003995379,0.0004031069,0.0003450969,0.0001336966],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000276243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022383,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001140204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001250589,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996884,0.00004254777,0.00002301716,0.00004992888,0.0001162245,0.00007995789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990146,0.0003359729,0.0002030964,0.0001028804,0.0002753324,0.00006810373],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003835336,0.0002441117,0.008438264,0.0001419092,0.00002623845,0.0003107832,0.0002233291,0.005937346,0.9759867,0.0005082713,0.0003012461,0.007498168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000570185,0.003067197,0.02600295,0.00002666149,0.00005414526,0.0002242626,0.0003708445,0.02952269,0.9388695,0.0002418545,0.001510346,0.00005262523],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995433,0.00007208089,0.003581478,0.00002564404,0.00001981826,0.00001828983,0.00009384388,0.00005508968,0.0007008218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979264,0.00008722231,0.001507659,0.00001618118,0.000006578623,0.00001934461,0.00006641601,0.000007534937,0.0003627379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001140204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003094077,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01931803318349938,"score_gpt":0.264249472508276,"score_spread":0.2449314393247766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}