{"id":"W2895768780","doi":"10.1088/1361-6560/aae571","title":"Threshold-dependent nonlinear scattering from porphyrin nanobubbles for vascular and extravascular applications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","topic":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; Sunnybrook Hospital; University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"Institute of Cancer Research; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Terry Fox Research Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Prostate Cancer Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation","keywords":"Scattering; Materials science; Cavitation; Bubble; Nonlinear system; Rheology; Surface tension; Mechanics; Optics; Physics; Composite material; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007981986,0.0001037649,0.0001808176,0.000032851,0.00006158123,0.000006442056,0.00007377492,0.0000611993,0.00001010937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000458008,0.00008535582,0.00001974968,0.00007021723,0.0002171395,0.00002815022,0.00002011438,0.00007046164,0.000003563837],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001070554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006544025,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001077795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007572309,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994931,0.000005556179,0.0001356218,0.0001958081,0.00003092083,0.0001390182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996991,0.00006448213,0.0000159456,0.000158748,0.00002117512,0.00004053071],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000923769,0.00007889807,0.006352013,0.0001334345,0.0001863771,5.197955e-7,0.001165165,0.0002062477,0.8976166,0.02467662,0.0001014043,0.06947351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009824365,0.0007839053,0.01542993,0.0004769903,0.0005527949,0.00002858837,0.001893211,0.04607391,0.04804864,0.6088822,0.266228,0.001777443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8141991,0.004250739,0.1798487,0.0004258135,0.00008931906,0.0005272821,0.00005780513,0.00008958998,0.0005115515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934086,0.001157278,0.004056996,0.0001487797,0.0009131444,0.0001990255,0.00009542111,0.00001736744,0.000003433974],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8495679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3480709,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08744217320834935,"score_gpt":0.3212804450196857,"score_spread":0.2338382718113363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}