{"id":"W2895914939","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.089","title":"Overview of wastewater treatment methods with special focus on biopolymer chitin-chitosan","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":266,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University of Edmonton; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biopolymer; Biosorption; Chitosan; Chitin; Aqueous solution; Chemistry; Surface charge; Zeta potential; Sewage treatment; Environmental remediation; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Adsorption; Environmental engineering; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry; Contamination; Environmental science; Polymer","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000691889,0.001534803,0.001869933,0.004788038,0.0003238262,0.001068652,0.0009922959,0.001286435,0.00318697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008647079,0.0005286686,0.00098333,0.004733183,0.0003986235,0.001770766,0.00074701,0.001233983,0.0011923],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000528361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001367009,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009566398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001977278,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995785,0.00003912308,0.00007551476,0.00009959378,0.000173368,0.00003379726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993605,0.0002525414,0.0001628485,0.00002216384,0.0001661407,0.00003578022],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000869667,0.0001928444,0.0002486801,0.04992129,0.0001844398,0.0001698636,0.00005728955,0.0006950982,0.0132392,0.002240888,0.0112916,0.9216719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002605895,0.00056235,0.002163384,0.005295286,0.0004985044,0.001625894,0.00009921307,0.0004736496,0.01219632,0.001477597,0.9755038,0.00007807222],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004281205,0.9972397,0.0007015827,0.0001522626,0.000206254,0.00001180801,0.00005013823,0.00001388305,0.001196278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001864383,0.9956456,0.001045565,0.0001578591,0.0001761986,0.0000143342,0.00006452102,0.000003548179,0.001027983],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004788038,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01066148,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0886980963115519,"score_gpt":0.3823114198854675,"score_spread":0.2936133235739156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}