{"id":"W2897489171","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.10.011","title":"What do government unions do? Public sector unions and nonunion wages, 1977–2015","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Science Research","topic":"Labor Movements and Unions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","keywords":"Public sector; Private sector; Leverage (statistics); Labour economics; Wage; Government (linguistics); Current Population Survey; Business; Educational attainment; Demographic economics; Economics; Population; Economic growth; Medicine; Economy; Environmental health","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001345125,0.0001716715,0.000272541,0.001939227,0.001024756,0.001980961,0.001038063,0.001070854,0.003743549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005565922,0.000217878,0.0003797668,0.004759939,0.0009870351,0.001213714,0.001342806,0.001616,0.0005735825],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005249665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00636165,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3514552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5548136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990791,0.00009339317,0.00008492765,0.0001142068,0.0002316935,0.0003967141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968156,0.0006370341,0.001393176,0.00008777624,0.0006094788,0.0004569509],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002671561,0.0001645667,0.9215491,0.0002477543,0.0001362015,0.0001330622,0.006058719,0.0005540848,0.0001078767,0.007161814,0.01789731,0.04572228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004564107,0.00001936625,0.9738172,0.0001579552,0.00002497339,0.00002777252,0.00537042,0.0001096721,0.00007908262,0.0002452435,0.02013754,0.000006111296],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9555231,0.01303675,0.0001968084,0.01273288,0.0005169933,0.0000132373,0.006282608,0.00001759252,0.01168007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793514,0.00456918,0.00008933232,0.0006642107,0.0002624945,0.00002062195,0.00445866,0.00001002292,0.01057403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3514552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.698819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1060646942179079,"score_gpt":0.4444439071022697,"score_spread":0.3383792128843617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}