{"id":"W2899334919","doi":"10.1029/2018wr023233","title":"Wetting Behavior of Tight Rocks: From Core Scale to Pore Scale","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Natural Resources Limited; Cenovus Energy","keywords":"Disjoining pressure; Wetting; Contact angle; Quartz; Thin section; Imbibition; Mineralogy; Porosimetry; Chemistry; Intermolecular force; Core (optical fiber); DLVO theory; Composite material; Materials science; Chemical physics; Porous medium; Colloid; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005644776,0.00016872,0.0002506471,0.0003679406,0.0001381363,0.00006778742,0.0006006543,0.000155188,0.000598521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003794928,0.0001343258,0.00006631761,0.0003562105,0.0001977122,0.0001166369,0.0003531143,0.0003987172,0.0004051076],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001071861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008080891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005169782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003618673,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978706,0.00007008755,0.000319991,0.0003410329,0.0006947167,0.0007036145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988839,0.00008334225,0.00001766364,0.000575286,0.0002515926,0.0001882138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005413459,0.00004970007,0.01941625,0.00007145258,0.00002245561,0.00001825778,0.008205446,0.00009238866,0.9454738,0.000001516313,0.005938184,0.02065636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001123725,0.0001794717,0.003491253,0.0001573175,0.000006099775,0.000002457781,0.0002097069,0.0003883862,0.9438655,0.0002026585,0.05121395,0.0001707904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9837118,0.0000877104,0.000576668,0.00005363654,0.00009074117,0.0003542209,0.0000464509,0.0003487126,0.01473007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992694,0.00001461809,0.004746246,0.00001912403,0.0003358885,0.0001317522,0.00003049712,0.00007887391,0.001949007],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04527576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6553385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03719645290862775,"score_gpt":0.3255208658948868,"score_spread":0.288324412986259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}