{"id":"W2900413846","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02104","title":"How to Address Non-normality: A Taxonomy of Approaches, Reviewed, and Illustrated","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Psychology","topic":"Mental Health Research Topics","field":"Psychology","cited_by":303,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Normality; Perspective (graphical); Taxonomy (biology); Computer science; Data science; Management science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007732998,0.001452952,0.002120459,0.009175599,0.0008228704,0.003918788,0.001977418,0.002334135,0.003996473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02396441,0.0007388858,0.001569832,0.01107229,0.00287934,0.0062884,0.001660836,0.003827631,0.002381796],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002542713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006774521,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003043468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005723087,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951956,0.001886616,0.0007573264,0.0005229122,0.001478428,0.0001590254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9812325,0.01509682,0.0008974674,0.0003577847,0.002221231,0.0001942551],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003664452,0.00004749802,0.0003474574,0.05551961,0.0001821393,0.0002067952,0.001234949,0.0006317063,0.0005272758,0.05126487,0.04357031,0.8464307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001216022,0.00006309219,0.0008654059,0.04926366,0.0002017441,0.0007754093,0.000815425,0.0002910428,0.0005083508,0.04223293,0.9048992,0.00007166551],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001439256,0.9881975,0.005542133,0.002737188,0.0006091682,0.00004641833,0.00005177914,0.00003529802,0.00263657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001150507,0.9896862,0.006607856,0.001440781,0.0003176766,0.00009440597,0.00006794433,0.00002653327,0.0006081248],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009175599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04089653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3417410155613643,"score_gpt":0.4639923425061703,"score_spread":0.1222513269448061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}