{"id":"W2902555578","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v19i5.3748","title":"Analysing Structured Learning Behaviour in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): An Approach Based on Process Mining and Clustering","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Online Learning and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Learning analytics; Operationalization; Process (computing); Educational data mining; Computer science; Process mining; Cluster analysis; Massive open online course; Educational technology; Data science; Mathematics education; Psychology; Work in process; World Wide Web; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003808279,0.0008727159,0.001182039,0.0128492,0.001180643,0.003131464,0.00133401,0.001075416,0.0007469275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01161136,0.0004140228,0.001993237,0.00748477,0.0009443986,0.00172695,0.001416181,0.001139467,0.0004359075],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001338849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001781646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008685572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008495901,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967213,0.001289147,0.000285904,0.0008307392,0.000656662,0.0002161614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.987926,0.007607978,0.001699064,0.001135602,0.001244601,0.0003867688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004585938,0.001879212,0.2765061,0.001231361,0.001069915,0.0007471097,0.01609054,0.05363661,0.01138259,0.01864167,0.003059575,0.6152968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006310517,0.0004861871,0.2239052,0.0003411775,0.0004115762,0.0007987716,0.01379488,0.6741989,0.01022406,0.06656538,0.008940934,0.0002698457],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3284507,0.0007222655,0.6641315,0.0004973386,0.00006022089,0.001200968,0.001472654,0.0009794168,0.002484871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6093572,0.0003972234,0.3864123,0.00006055227,0.00005106405,0.0006975383,0.001890074,0.0001118306,0.001022144],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0128492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02014035,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08570301716141862,"score_gpt":0.4687009038174949,"score_spread":0.3829978866560763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}