{"id":"W2902801700","doi":"10.2337/db18-0567","title":"Multiethnic Genome-Wide Association Study of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Liability Threshold Modeling of Duration of Diabetes and Glycemic Control","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Diabetes","topic":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Public Health Ontario; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"Alcon Research Institute; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; National Center for Research Resources; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Human Genome Research Institute; Ophthalmic Research Institute of Australia; Biomedical Research Council; National Medical Research Council; Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Wake Forest School of Medicine; National Institutes of Health; Hjartavernd; Wellcome; Innovative Medicines Initiative; Case Western Reserve University; Novo Nordisk Fonden; Novo Nordisk; Medical Research Council; Wake Forest University; National Research Foundation of Korea; Folkhälsanin Tutkimussäätiö; National Institute for Health and Care Research; National Eye Institute; University of Dundee; Samfundet Folkhälsan; Academy of Finland; National Science Council; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri; Tenovus; Diabetes UK; National Institute on Aging; Wellcome Trust; Research to Prevent Blindness; Wilhelm och Else Stockmanns Stiftelse; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Cancer Institute; Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico; Harvard Catalyst; Johns Hopkins University; Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund; Háskóli Íslands; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; European Commission; Genentech; AstraZeneca; Jackson State University; National Health and Medical Research Council; Eli Lilly and Company; American Diabetes Association; Broad Institute; Sanofi; University of California, Irvine","keywords":"Glycemic; Genome-wide association study; Disease; Diabetes mellitus; Biology; Genetic association; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Gene; Genetics; Medicine; Oncology; Internal medicine; Bioinformatics; Endocrinology; Genotype","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005951222,0.0003917138,0.002632849,0.0002136606,0.00004795449,0.00001079818,0.0001141513,0.0002650378,0.0000123034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001065577,0.0003126991,0.0004292831,0.000269431,0.0000974223,0.00008157793,0.00006755024,0.0001762393,0.000001329864],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002203536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000138622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002597922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002173276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970202,0.0002672353,0.00146037,0.000463469,0.0004690361,0.0003196634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996554,0.0007216298,0.001629528,0.0004959487,0.0004882772,0.0001105859],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000810514,0.001359751,0.9625491,0.02909534,0.001594438,9.819116e-7,0.0002327785,0.00006249008,0.0002576804,7.446804e-7,0.000001887813,0.004763742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04900224,0.03599215,0.3737629,0.1615472,0.1797708,0.000002085477,0.00145545,0.1909395,0.001493771,0.00103939,0.0006796228,0.004314842],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5586078,0.4398363,0.000003596678,0.000002396015,0.00004774968,0.00138582,0.00009498134,0.000009193278,0.00001216867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8096637,0.1899884,0.00005921936,0.000007700667,0.00005157713,0.00007062002,0.0001103988,0.00004210358,0.0000063281],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5887862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0403770801205469,"score_gpt":0.3157520012593611,"score_spread":0.2753749211388142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}