{"id":"W2905145486","doi":"10.1002/mde.2999","title":"Subjective performance of patent examiners, implicit contracts, and self‐funded patent offices","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Managerial and Decision Economics","topic":"Intellectual Property and Patents","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Proxy (statistics); Agency (philosophy); Quality (philosophy); Revenue; Business; Constraint (computer-aided design); Patent office; Context (archaeology); Budget constraint; Microeconomics; Principal–agent problem; Actuarial science; Economics; Finance; Computer science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003065757,0.00018183,0.0003265487,0.0001600857,0.0001015129,0.0002062119,0.00013905,0.00008324304,0.0001653546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003013982,0.000144293,0.00004838874,0.00008727628,0.00004290608,0.0007070452,0.0002412238,0.00007688018,0.0001620141],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001854832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008257819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003552734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004466472,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990038,0.000006856524,0.0003663106,0.0003356862,0.00007809473,0.0002092431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993913,0.0001072293,0.0002250276,0.0001777066,0.00007820476,0.00002048742],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01249018,0.001083005,0.3055115,0.001743623,0.0006919262,0.00002064245,0.001171664,0.003187312,0.004420024,0.02919423,0.002159361,0.6383265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0099363,0.000834129,0.6713803,0.0003669534,0.0002531086,0.00002328447,0.001329843,0.2180815,0.001921958,0.01103541,0.08316892,0.00166823],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916563,0.000115266,0.00004808573,0.00003177127,0.0006836895,0.0003482614,0.000005368546,0.00003127891,0.007080004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99841,0.0006282798,0.0001275427,0.0003760788,0.0002354247,0.000004523704,0.00001287156,0.00001783194,0.0001873953],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6366583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5884098,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06133124000020984,"score_gpt":0.1924977202296749,"score_spread":0.1311664802294651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}